Solvent White Spirit D40. His popularity in this area is also since white spirit is quite strong solvent, it copes with different types of dirt and deposits. Rinse mouth with water. Click here to see detailed specifications for each product in our Spirdane range. Artists use mineral spirits as an alternative to turpentine since it is less flammable and less toxic. MSDS Page 2 of 7 . After further hydrorefining processes, the kerosenes are then put through a de-aromatisation process and the resulting Ketrul products can be used in a range of applications where lower evaporation rates are required. Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. The very low toxological and ecotoxological impact of Ketrul products means they are often the solution customers are looking for. The word "mineral" in "mineral spirits" or "mineral turpentine" is meant to distinguish it from distilled spirits (alcoholic beverages distilled from fermented biological material) or from true turpentine (distilled tree resin). It cannot be used as an alternative to white gas, which is a much more volatile gasoline-like fuel. WeChat: frank9922 Odorless mineral spirits are mineral spirits that have been further refined to remove the more toxic aromatic compounds, and are recommended for applications such as oil painting, where humans have close contact with the solvent. In case, flushing industry and cars details the cost-effective solution to use high aromatic white spirit from 17 to 25 % aromatic it has stronger solvent characteristic and lower price than low aromatic white spirit or odourless white spirit. Naphtha (petroleum), solvent-refined heavy.. Low Aromatic White Spirit 99% Colorless Liquid Low Aromatic White Spirit Ralin White to slightly yellow Slightly Crystallin Ralin, Good Low Aromatic White Spirit / Turpentine / Thinner. Dearomatized hydrocarbon solvents. Working volume used to the maximum. Discharge into the environment must be avoided. Pushing Le Labo into China, Estee Lauder will rely on perfume to "come back"? Use personal protective equipment.Wear chemical impermeable gloves. Paint and varnish materials are widely used for the coating of metal, wood, plastic and give them stability, strength, and good grip. Odorless mineral spirits (OMS) have been refined to remove the more toxic aromatic compounds , and are recommended for applications such as oil painting . [2], In addition there is type 0, which is defined as distillation fraction with no further treatment, consisting predominantly of saturated C9 to C12 hydrocarbons with a boiling range of 140200C (284392F). SECTION 4: First aid . Do not contaminate water, foodstuffs, feed or seed by storage or disposal. Youll find TotalEnergies Spirdane white spirits used in a whole variety of final products, and with their excellent solvent and evaporation qualities make them ideal for: Though kerosene is mainly used for the manufacture of aviation fuels, our Ketrul range of narrow cut kerosenes is ideal for a variety of other applications. Chemical manufacturers have developed a low odor version of mineral turpentine which contains less of the highly volatile shorter hydrocarbons. [1] There are also terms for specific kinds of white spirit, including Stoddard solvent and solvent naphtha (petroleum). However, acute exposure can lead to central nervous system depression resulting in lack of coordination and slowed reactions. Odorless mineral spirits (OMS) have been refined to remove the more toxic aromatic compounds, and are recommended for applications such as oil painting. Do not discharge into drains, soil or water. It does not represent any guarantee of the properties of the product. Paraffin Wax, Caustic Soda, Slack Wax, etc. Product specifications Applications and benefits Ketrul - the most versatile range of kerosene products White spirits are also a major ingredient in some popular automotive fuel/oil additives, such as Marvel Mystery Oil, as they are capable of dissolving varnish and sludge build-up. Mineral spirits are an inexpensive petroleum-based replacement for the vegetable-based turpentine. To see our full collection of resources, browse our. They all have aromatic content below 20ppm, with most at around 10ppm. Type 1 white spirit is mainly used in most of Europe and Stoddard solvent is used in the US, both of which correspond to each other.[3]. This solvent with a clear color and a recognizable odor is insoluble in water. Wash off with soap and plenty of water. After the white spirit is poured on, the new underlying tape and the new grip are slid on. Low Aromatic White Spirit Version 1.4 Effective Date 24.04.2006 Material Safety Data Sheet according to EC directive 2001/58/EC 4/9 Print Date 19.06.2007 MSDS_INT from sunlight, ignition sources and other sources of heat. Gone are the days when you could choose a hydrocarbon fluid simply because of its solvency power and cost. (For reference only, please check. White spirit also well dissolves mineral oils, bitumen, resins and other resins and not much raises the price of the final product compared to other solvents. Occupational Safety and Health Administration, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, "Annex 1 Background document to RAC opinion on white spirit", "A Chronology of Historical Developments in Drycleaning", "Mineral Turpentine (Low Odour) Product Sheet", "National Transportation Safety Board Incident Report", "CDC - NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Stoddard solvent", ICPS safety sheet White Spirit (Stoddard Solvent), CDC - NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=White_spirit&oldid=1157656798, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2018, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2018, Articles with failed verification from March 2012, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2014, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, medium aliphatic solvent naphtha (petroleum), hydrodesulphurized heavy naphtha (petroleum), solvent-refined heavy naphtha (petroleum), This page was last edited on 30 May 2023, at 03:18. Trade Alert - Delivering the latest product trends and industry news straight to your inbox. Shell Chemicals Safety Data Sheets Download a Product Stewardship Summary See our manufacturing locations Most popular packing for white spirit delivery P501 Dispose of contents/container to an appropriate treatment and disposal facility in accordance with applicable laws and regulations, and product characteristics at time of disposal. Proven for more than 30 years, Exxsol fluids maintain good solvency characteristics without compromising safety, health and environmental standards. Another important application is the dry-cleaning industry, where solvents of this type are used because of their ability to dissolve grease and other oil-soluble slains without affecting fabrics or dyes. Prevent fire caused by electrostatic discharge steam. Come join the discussion of all manner of rimfire pistols, rifles, optics, ammo, gunsmithing, customization, reviews, hunting, accessories, classifieds, and more! It should not however, be purposely poured down the sink or freshwater drain. Flashpoints range from 25C for Spirdane D25 up to 59C for D 60L. Application: Solvent COMPOSITION / INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS Chemical composition: Solvent naphtha (petroleum), medium aliph. White spirit is implicated in the development of chronic toxic encephalopathy (CTE) among house painters. Mineral spirits are also used for re-gripping golf clubs. *Price curve comparison and historical data download are available. We provide Naphtha (petroleum), solvent-refined heavy safety data sheet view and download for free at Echemi.com. Type 1: This type of white spirit is obtained from type zero catalytic hydrodesulfurization process. They are produced with a very narrow distillation cut, and D 60L has a very high flash point at 59C resulting in the best evaporation rate. H304 May be fatal if swallowed and enters airways. WHITE SPIRIT SAFETY DATA SHEET MSDS No: Product Name: Manufacturers Code: Date: WHITE SPIRIT WS5, WS25 September 2020 QUICK SMART PRODUCTS 53 ASSEMBLY DRIVE TULLAMARINE VIC 3043 ABN: 40 959 725 049 Ph: (03) 9338 6655 (BH) Fax: (03) 9335 2598 Email: qsmart@bigpond.net.au Web: www.quicksmartproducts.com.au White spirit is often used as a paint thinner, or as a component thereof, though paint thinner is a broader category of solvent. White spirit is used as solvents or diluents in thinners for paints and varnishes. ), IMDG: Not dangerous goods. Although white spirit is used as an alternative to kerosene in portable stoves[citation needed], this is not advisable as typical grades of white spirit have a lower flash point than kerosene. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. After the old grip is removed, the mineral spirits are poured into the new grip and shaken. They are excellent for cleaning and degreasing products, and their high levels of purity and relative inertness mean they are widely approved for uses that come into contact with foods and pharmacological products. Vapours may accumulate in low or confined areas. They are also used to thin inks used in making monoprints. Evacuate personnel to safe areas.Keep people away from and upwind of spill/leak. Collect and arrange disposal. Required fields are marked *. The information in this document is based on the present state of our knowledge and is applicable to the product with regard to appropriate safety precautions. Mobile: +86 13793390131 White spirit (AU, UK and Ireland)[note 1] or mineral spirits (US, Canada), also known as mineral turpentine (AU/NZ), turpentine substitute, and petroleum spirits, is a petroleum-derived clear liquid used as a common organic solvent in painting. Supplier uploads its business license firstly. With a product portfolio offering more than 100 grades around the world, you will almost always find a product that fits the specific needs of your industry. View the listing options Low Aromatic White Spirit is a saturated mixture of hydrocarbon solvents. This supplier was in ECHEMIs Top 10 Suppliers list last year. This solvent is sold in bulk and in barrels. Basis for the production paints and varnishes is white spirit (synthetic paint thinner). Manufacturers of paints, degreasing agents, metalworking products and lubricants all swear by our expertly formulated white spirits. Use tab to navigate through the menu items. SABS CKS 62. Only high-quality preventive and curative of antiseptic is providing high wholesale. Low Aromatic White Spirit Version 1.7 Effective Date: 30.04.2012 IDENTIFICATION OF THE SUBSTANCE/ PREPARATION AND COMPANY/ UNDERTAKING Material NameUses Product Code Supplier TelephoneFax Emergency TelephoneNumber Other Information HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION : Low Aromatic White Spirit/laws : Industrial Solvent. Uses advised against Any use other than those identified. Copyright 2023 Spectra Oil Limited | All rights reserved. Second Media Inc., 30800 Telegraph Rd, Suite 1921, Bingham Farms, MI 48025 USA. Petroleum-derived clear, transparent liquid, Primarily in the United Kingdom and Australia. White spiritis used as solvents or diluents in thinners for paints and varnishes. The Spirdane range contains three main classes of product: Each product has been refined by TotalEnergies for optimum performance. As you can see, Shellite matches 'naphtha' (light/med aliphatic) in Crown Thinner and White Spirits matches the impurities of 1,2,4, trimethylbenzene in crown thinner. Low Aromatic White Spirithas many uses in industry, such as: It is also commonly used in household applications for cleaning colored brushes after work, as well as a spark plug for charcoal stoves, to remove residual glue on non-porous surfaces, and so on. (We`ll never share your email address with a third-party.). The main purpose of low aromatic white spirit as a diluent is to reduce the viscosity of the color and to create a slower evaporation rate. The most use of solvent 402 is in cleaning solvents, painting color, wood preservatives, polishes and varnishes, printing inks, and rubber. Use spark-proof tools and explosion-proof equipment. Odour: Aromatic odour pH, at stated concentration: N/A [5][6] Dry cleaners began using the result of their work in 1928 and it soon became the predominant dry cleaning solvent in the United States, until the late 1950s.[7]. When you purchase through links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission, which supports our community. Excellent solvency and evaporation qualities, along with no odour and low aromatic content, mean theyre an excellent choice in paints and coatings. Spectra Low Aromatic White Spirit is also used as a solvent in the manufacture of wood preservatives and polishes for furniture, floors snd shoes. White Spirit D40 Is derived from Low Aromatic White Spirit which has been highly refined and reacted with hydrogen to convert aromatics to cycloparaffins. Relevant identified uses of the substance or mixture and uses advised against Identified usesFor thinning oil colours and brush maintenance. The above tests are carried out according to ASTM standards. [8][failed verification] Artists use white spirit as an alternative to turpentine since it is less flammable and less toxic. One of the main uses of Spectra Low Aromatic White Spirit is in paints, varnishes and other surface coatings where solvents with slow evaporation rates are required. SPECIFICATION AND APPROVALS. It is also used to thin inks used in making monoprints. Similar long-term studies have been made in which some of the observed effects included memory impairment, poor concentration, increased irritability etc. White spirit is often used inside liquid-filled compasses and gauges. Keep away from aerosols, flammables, oxidizing agents, corrosives and from White spirit is often used as a paint thinner, or as a component thereof, though paint thinner is a broader category of solvent. Turpentine substitute can be used for general cleaning but is not recommended for paint thinning as it may adversely affect drying times due to the less volatile components; while it may be used for brush cleaning its heavier components may leave an oily residue. Optimal price of white spirit and safety data sheet in turn, provides a strong demand for these products. - Flexitanks, Rathausplatz 1 Set up emergency exits and the risk-elimination area. White spirit is commonly used for cutting fluid in ultraprecision lathes (commonly referred to as diamond turning machines). The type refers to whether the solvent has been subjected to hydrodesulfurization (removal of sulfur) alone (type 1), solvent extraction (type 2) or hydrogenation (type 3). Low Aromatic White Spirit is a saturated mixture of hydrocarbon solvents. Mineral turpentine is chemically very different from turpentine, which mainly consists of pinene, and it has inferior solvent properties. From quicker drying paints to highly efficient cleaning products, Spirdane products help companies in a variety of industries to be more productive. The liquid bulk container is best solutions for white spirit transportation needs. and can eventually lead to unconsciousness. Mineral spirits are also commonly used for cutting fluid in ultraprecision lathes (commonly referred to as diamond turning machines). Chemical manufacturers have developed a low odor version of mineral turpentine, which contains less of the highly volatile shorter hydrocarbons. QQ: Adhered or collected material should be promptly disposed of, in accordance with appropriate laws and regulations. [2], Continuous exposure to an average white spirit concentration of 240mg/m3 (40ppm) for more than 13 years can lead to chronic central nervous system effects. In screen printing (also referred to as silkscreening), mineral spirits are often used to clean and unclog screens after printing with oil-based textile and Plastisol inks. [2], People can be exposed to Stoddard solvent in the workplace by breathing it in, swallowing it, skin contact, and eye contact. Naphtha (petroleum), solvent-refined heavy. A family friendly forum community dedicated to rimfire firearm owners and enthusiasts. In western Europe about 60% of the total white spirit consumption is used in paints, lacquers and varnishes. It is also known as turpentine substitute, mineral tumpentine, mineral spirit, or LAWS. The ExxonMobil AnswerPerson is a customer focused technical expert who provides rapid technical support for fluids products and applications. Spectra Low Aromatic White Spirit is also used as a solvent in the manufacture of wood preservatives and polishes for furniture, floors snd shoes. Their slow evaporation rate and excellent solvent qualities make them a useful component of certain paints, degreasers and lubricants. Avoid formation of dust and aerosols. And, because of their low aromatic content, they meet and exceed European regulations. These dimensions yield a volume of about 13,320 cubic inches, but they are commonly filled to about 200 litters or 160 kg. The Ketrul range contains the following products formulated by our hydrocarbon fluid experts: Find out more about the technical specifications of Ketrul D 70, Ketrul D 80HN, Ketrul D 85 and Ketrul D 100 with this datasheet. White Spirit is a petroleum distillate used as a paint thinner and mild solvent. Move the victim into fresh air. Product nameLow Odour White Spirit SDS number22675 REACH registration number01-2119463258-33-XXXX EC number919-857-5 1.2. White spirit is an inexpensive petroleum-based replacement for the vegetable-based turpentine. Low eye irritation is also one of the effects of vapor exposure of this compound. [2][3] These effects in painters were first studied in the 1970s in the Nordic countries. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) has set a Recommended exposure limit (REL) of 350mg/m3 over an 8-hour workday and 1800mg/m3 over 15 minutes. - Financial Services Consult a doctor. Call a doctor or Poison Control Center immediately. Offering high levels of purity, low odour and low surface tension, our Isane products are relatively inert. Ability to re-use Copyright 2003-2022 Infinity Galaxy Corporation. petrochemicals, including all Bitumen grades, White Spirit, all grades of Base Oil, RPO, International standard size: Standard drums have inside dimensions of 22.5 inches (572 mm) diameter and 33.5 inches (851 mm) height. Type 2: Low aromatic white spirit is a complex combination of hydrocarbons obtained from refinery processes. Exxsol dearomatized fluids replace traditional solvents such as mineral or white spirits. WHITE SPIRITS is a wide cut, slow evaporating, mainly aliphatic solvent. - Shipping and Logistics If it pass ECHEMI audit , supplier can get logo of certified business license. It is commonly used as a paint thinner for oil-based paint and cleaning brushes, and as an organic solvent in other applications. White . CAS number see section 16 of this MSDS. 64742-88-7 HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION Three different types and three different grades of white spirit exist. P203 Obtain, read and follow all safety instructions before use. Your email address will not be published. The white spirit is one of the most popular organic solvents that used for flushing /cleaning industry and cars details of various contaminants. Drying properties and odor of the paint and polish is mainly depending on the chemical solvents used. A method for preparing bitumen mastic comprising mixing in mixer heated bitumen, talc, rubber adhesives based on natural rubber and white spirits solvent in a predetermined range of ratios. By appointment antiseptics are divided into two main groups: preventive antiseptics and curative antiseptic solutions. MSDS: WHITE SPIRITS Page DATE ISSUED : 08.12.15 1 of 8 MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET . Handling in a well ventilated place. . Because of interactions with pigments in oil paints, artists require a higher grade of white spirit than many industrial users, including the complete absence of residual sulfur. Magnesium Chloride Hexahydrate Cas No.7791-18-6, Hydrazine Hydrate Solution Cas No.1021752-4. Owing to its relatively low evaporation rate, Spectra low Aromatic White Spirit is often used in industrial degreasing equipment and can be used in both liquid and vapour-phase systems. _____ INTENDED USES: WHITE SPIRITS is used for diluting certain coatings, applying those coatings . Made from certified renewable vegetable feedstock, Biodegradable under OECD guidelines 301 and 306, Low carbon footprint compared to crude oil derived products. HAWS (high aromatic white spirits). Mineral spirits (US) or white spirit (UK), also known as mineral turpentine, turpentine substitute, petroleum spirits, solvent naphtha (petroleum), varsol, generically, paint thinner ,is a petroleum-derived clear liquid used as a common organic solvent in painting and decorating. Prolonged or repeated skin exposure over a long period of time can result in severe irritant dermatitis, also called contact dermatitis. Home Blog Uncategorized Low Aromatic White Spirit. Use dry chemical, carbon dioxide or alcohol-resistant foam. Thanks very much George, it's given me something to work with. 1 .Identification of the substance/preparation and company/undertaking Product name SDS no. Monday to Friday, 9am-5pm (Standard time zone: UTC/GMT +8 hours). LOW AROMATIC WHITE SPIRIT Ingestion: May be harmful if swallowed. P318 IF exposed or concerned, get medical advice. Turpentine substitute is generally not made to a standard and can have a wider range of components than products marketed as white spirit, which is made to a standard (in the UK, British Standard BS245, in Germany, DIN51632). That versatility, along with slow evaporation times and high flashpoints, makes them ideal for certain applications including: Our Isane range of isoparaffins delivers excellent performance in a wide range of applications. Consult a doctor. Nagoda,Kalutara, Now as per Our requirement , White spirit ( low aromatic white spirit ) Specification : Density : 0.775 Drying time : 5 to 10 min. This grade has a density between 0.875 to 0.885, the minimum of the flash point is 38 C and It is not smelly. Product Type Solvents > Hydrocarbons, Aromatics Chemical Composition Hydrodesulphurised hydrocarbon CAS Number 64742-82-1 Access full datasheet Last edited August 05, 2022 Want to list or update your products? In addition, Exxsol hexane is a complex mixture of aliphatic . White Spirit is a petroleum distillate used as a paint thinner and mild solvent. Antiseptic for wood is dissolved in the aqueous or white spirit base, which has successfully, destroys the microorganisms that provoke rotting and other adverse wood processes and protects it in different operating conditions. The benefit of these products is they provide superb solvent and evaporative qualities while remaining within the toxicological and ecotoxological regulations in most countries. Dieter Stoye Solvents in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry2002, Wiley-VCH, Wienheim. - Services In addition, Exxsol hexane is a complex mixture of aliphatic hydrocarbons obtained by the hydrogenation of a petroleum fraction that consists primarily of normal, isoparaffinic and cycloparaffinic C6 hydrocarbons. Low aromatic white spirit (LAWS) is a member of a large family of solvents known as white spirit or paint thinner in general. HEALTH AND SAFETY. Recommended for chemical products (dangerous goods) Metalworking - rolling, corrosion-prevention fluids, and more. If not breathing, give artificial respiration and consult a doctor immediately. require a fast evaporation rate. Closed containers used to store this product. Do not let the chemical enter drains. All our Isane products have approvals for the purity requirements in liquid paraffins; European Pharmacopoeia; EC Regulation 1935/2004; foodstuffs, consumer goods and animal feed codes; FDA Sec 178.3530; and FDA Sec 178.362b. Spectra Low Aromatic White Spirit is also used as a solvent in the manufacture of wood preservatives and polishes for furniture, floors snd shoes. Remove all sources of ignition. [3], Owing to the volatility and low bioavailability of its constituents, white spirit, although it is moderately toxic to aquatic organisms, is unlikely to present significant hazards to the environment. We produce three classes of white spirits in the Spirdane range, providing you with the solutions you need: There are six very low aromatic white spirits in the Spirdane range including Spirdane L1, D 25, D 30, D 40, D 60 and D 60L. EC number 919-446- Composition comments A complex and variable combination of paraffinic, cyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons having a carbon number range predominantly of C9 to C12 and boiling in the range of approximately 135C to 220C. P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection/hearing protection/ P301+P316 IF SWALLOWED: Get emergency medical help immediately. - Additives Grease removal, where a high flashpoint means theyre safe to use. JavaScript is disabled. Evaporation ranges could be tailor made according to customer requirement s. Very low Sulfur content and negative Doctor test will enhance the quality of the coatings manufactured with this Low Aromatic White Spirits. Low Aromatic White Spirits or Mineral Turpentine Oil is a patented product of C and T Worldwide (Pvt) Ltd. Owing to its relatively low evaporation rate, Spectra low Aromatic White Spirit is often used in industrial degreasing equipment and can be used in both liquid and vapour-phase systems. PRODUCT NAME: White Spirits OTHER NAMES: Air Dry Solvent (ADS) Low Aromatic White Spirit, Stodard Solvent Dangerous Goods Class 3, UN No 1300. It has a stable chemical composition and does not cause corrosion. The raw materials for white spirit production acts kerosene. The selected protective gloves have to satisfy the specifications of EU Directive 89/686/EEC and the standard EN 374 derived from it. whatsapp: +86 13793390131 After an hour of drying out, the new grip and club are ready to use. White spirit is a combination of aliphatic, aromatic and alicyclic C7 to C12 hydrocarbons. (For reference only, please check. Their varying proportions affect the solvency and other properties of the solvent. 73453 Abtsgmuend Germany. Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Name: Mr. Frank Sri Lanka. It cannot be used as an alternative to white gas, which is a much more volatile gasoline-like fuel. Spirdane HT has a higher aromatic content, with a good evaporation profile and excellent solvent qualities. Big volume of one container Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. White Spirit D40 Is derived from Low Aromatic White Spirit which has been highly refined and reacted with hydrogen to convert aromatics to cycloparaffins. At levels of 20,000mg/m3, Stoddard solvent is immediately dangerous to life and health.[12]. Exposure to very high concentrations in enclosed spaces can lead to general narcotic effects (drowsiness, dizziness, nausea, etc.) In industry, white spirit is used for cleaning and degreasing machine tools and parts, and in conjunction with cutting oil as a thread cutting and reaming lubricant. All Rights Reserved. If the exposure limits are exceeded, irritation or other symptoms are experienced, use a full-face respirator. Drying properties and odor of the paint and polish is mainly depending on the chemical solvents used. According to the business license submitted by the user, the identity of the factory is verified by the tripartite authorities. White spirits are complex hydrocarbon substances created by hydro-treating a petroleum cut. Stocks: Making, Repairing, Refinishing, Mods, etc. With these unique properties, theyre used to formulate paints, inks, resins, aerosols, soaps and much more. Wear tightly fitting safety goggles with side-shields conforming to EN 166(EU) or NIOSH (US). Low aromatic white spirit (LAWS) is a member of a large family of solvents known as white spirit or paint thinner in general. Subsidiary Risk : n/a Packing Group III Hazchem : 3Y SUPPLIER : Workshop Services NZ (2004) Ltd ADDRESS: 100B Maleme Street, Greerton PHONE : 07 573 7207,
Adafruit Mini Gps Pa1010d, Petite Black Ponte Split Hem Leggings, Ansible Meta Platforms, Containerd Registry Mirrors, Oxygen Tubing Connector Adapter, Oxford Heritage Saddlebags, Best Sony Lens For Cinematic Video,
Sorry, the comment form is closed at this time.